Musculoskeletal Examination

Features suggesting malignancy, infection, fracture or cauda equina

A memory aid for the sinister causes of back pain.

Gait, Arms, Legs, Spine

A mnemonic for the rapid musculoskeletal screening examination.

Look, feel, move and function, with characteristic deformity patterns

A memory aid for examining the rheumatological hand.

Look, feel, move, with the Trendelenburg and Thomas tests

A memory aid for examining the hip, including Trendelenburg and Thomas tests.

Look, feel, move, then special tests and function

A mnemonic for examining any individual joint.

Look, feel, move, then ligament and meniscal tests

A memory aid for the sequence of a knee examination.

The six Ps: pain, pallor, pulselessness, perishing cold, paraesthesia, paralysis

A mnemonic for assessing the acutely ischaemic or injured limb.

Impingement and cuff tests at the shoulder; ligament and meniscal tests at the knee

A memory aid for the named special tests of the shoulder and knee.

Look, feel, move actively then passively, then the rotator cuff tests

A memory aid for the sequence of a shoulder examination.

Inspection, movement, palpation and the neurological screen

A memory aid for examining the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine.