Cardiovascular and Respiratory Histology

Cartilage, glands, goblet cells and cilia all disappear distally

A memory aid for how the airway wall changes as it divides.

Type I pneumocytes cover the surface, type II make surfactant, macrophages clean up

A mnemonic for the cell types lining the alveolus.

Tunica intima, media and adventitia, in differing proportions by vessel type

A memory aid for the three layers of a vessel wall.

Alveolar epithelium, fused basement membranes, capillary endothelium

A memory aid for the layers gas crosses between alveolus and capillary.

Continuous, fenestrated and sinusoidal, in increasing permeability

A memory aid for the three capillary types and their permeability.

Endocardium, myocardium and epicardium, from inside out

A memory aid for the three layers of the heart wall.

Blind ended, highly permeable, with valves and no basement membrane

A memory aid for how lymphatic capillaries differ from blood capillaries.

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar becomes simple squamous as the airway narrows

A memory aid for how the airway lining changes from trachea to alveolus.