Anatomy subcategory

Blood Gases and Acid Base

Mnemonics for arterial blood gas interpretation and acid base disorders.

Entries in Blood Gases and Acid Base

Acid-Base Disorders - ROME Mnemonic

Respiratory Opposite, Metabolic Equal

A mnemonic to remember the relationship between pH and primary values in acid-base disorders.

Acid-Base and FluidsBlood Gases and Acid Base
Acid-Base Interpretation Steps Mnemonic

Check pH, then carbon dioxide, then bicarbonate, then compensation, then the anion gap

A memory aid for a systematic approach to blood gas interpretation.

Acid-Base and FluidsBlood Gases and Acid Base
Anion Gap Mnemonic

Sodium minus chloride and bicarbonate, normally 8 to 16 mmol per litre

A memory aid for calculating and interpreting the anion gap.

Acid-Base and FluidsBlood Gases and Acid Base
Arterial Blood Gas Reading Order Mnemonic

Oxygenation first, then pH, then carbon dioxide, then bicarbonate

A memory aid for the order in which to read an arterial blood gas.

Blood Gases and Acid BaseRespiratory Physiology and Function Tests
Co-oximetry and the Dyshaemoglobinaemias Mnemonic

A pulse oximeter reads two wavelengths and can be badly misled

A memory aid for carboxyhaemoglobin, methaemoglobin and the pulse oximeter's blind spots.

Blood Gases and Acid BaseToxicology and Overdose
Compensation Rules Mnemonic

Predictable formulae reveal whether a second disorder is present

A memory aid for the expected compensation in each acid-base disorder.

Acid-Base and FluidsBlood Gases and Acid Base
High Anion Gap Acidosis Causes Mnemonic

MUDPILES or GOLDMARK for the unmeasured anions

A mnemonic for the causes of a raised anion gap metabolic acidosis.

Blood Gases and Acid BaseToxicology and Overdose
Lactate Interpretation Mnemonic

Type A from hypoperfusion, type B without it

A memory aid for interpreting a raised lactate.

Blood Gases and Acid BaseShock and Sepsis
Lactic Acidosis Types Mnemonic

Type A from hypoperfusion, type B without hypoxia

A memory aid for the two types of lactic acidosis.

Acid-Base and FluidsBlood Gases and Acid Base
Pulse Oximetry Principles Mnemonic

Two wavelengths distinguish oxyhaemoglobin from deoxyhaemoglobin in pulsatile blood

A memory aid for how pulse oximetry works and when it misleads.

RespiratoryBlood Gases and Acid Base
Renal Tubular Acidosis Types Mnemonic

Type 1 distal, type 2 proximal, type 4 hypoaldosteronism

A memory aid for the types of renal tubular acidosis.

RenalBlood Gases and Acid Base
Respiratory Acidosis Causes Mnemonic

Anything reducing alveolar ventilation, from brain to alveolus

A memory aid for the causes of carbon dioxide retention.

Acid-Base and FluidsBlood Gases and Acid Base
Respiratory Alkalosis Causes Mnemonic

Hypoxia, central stimulation, lung disease, drugs and anxiety

A memory aid for the causes of hyperventilation.

Acid-Base and FluidsBlood Gases and Acid Base
Type 1 Versus Type 2 Respiratory Failure Mnemonic

Type 1 is a gas exchange problem, type 2 a ventilation problem

A memory aid for classifying respiratory failure and its causes.

Blood Gases and Acid BaseAirway and Ventilation