Expansion
Skin, fascia, muscle, three intercostal layers, endothoracic fascia, parietal pleura
Expansion
Passing from outside in:
- Skin
- Superficial fascia, with subcutaneous fat
- Deep fascia and the overlying muscle of the region (serratus anterior, latissimus dorsi or pectoralis major)
- External intercostal muscle
- Internal intercostal muscle
- Neurovascular bundle - vein, artery, nerve, in the costal groove
- Innermost intercostal muscle
- Endothoracic fascia
- Parietal pleura
Beyond that is the pleural cavity and then the visceral pleura on the lung. Knowing that the bundle lies between layers 5 and 7 is what makes the “above the rib” rule meaningful.