Mnemonic

Direct Versus Indirect Inguinal Hernia

A mnemonic for distinguishing direct from indirect inguinal hernias.

Expansion

Indirect passes lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels; direct pushes through medial to them

Expansion

MDs don’t LIe, Medial = Direct, Lateral = Indirect.

Indirect

  • Passes through the deep ring, lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels
  • Travels within the spermatic cord and its coverings
  • Congenital, from a patent processus vaginalis
  • Commoner overall, and in young men; may reach the scrotum

Direct

  • Pushes forwards through the weak posterior wall in Hesselbach’s triangle, medial to the vessels
  • Lies outside the cord coverings
  • Acquired, from weakness of the transversalis fascia
  • Older patients; rarely enters the scrotum

Both emerge above and medial to the pubic tubercle, which is what distinguishes them as a group from a femoral hernia, which appears below and lateral to it.