Mnemonic

Meningeal Layers Outside to Inside

Mnemonic for the three meningeal layers from outermost to innermost.

Expansion

Dumb Aunts Party

Mnemonic

“DAP”, from the skull inwards:

  • D - Dura mater, tough, two layered
  • A - Arachnoid mater, avascular and delicate
  • P - Pia mater, adherent to the brain surface

The spaces follow the same order, and each has its own haemorrhage:

  • Extradural, between skull and dura, arterial
  • Subdural, between dura and arachnoid, venous bridging veins
  • Subarachnoid, between arachnoid and pia, containing the cerebrospinal fluid and the circle of Willis, so bleeding here is from a berry aneurysm

Cerebrospinal fluid lies in the subarachnoid space, which is why a lumbar puncture enters it and why xanthochromia there confirms subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Expansion

  • D - Dura mater, thick outer layer
  • A - Arachnoid mater, middle web like layer
  • P - Pia mater, thin layer hugging the brain surface