Mnemonic

Monoclonal Antibody Nomenclature

A memory aid for reading the name of a monoclonal antibody.

Expansion

The suffix tells you the source, the syllable before it the target

Expansion

All monoclonal antibodies end in -mab, and the syllables before it are informative.

Source, the syllable immediately before -mab

  • -o-mab: fully mouse (murine). Most immunogenic
  • -xi-mab: chimeric, part mouse. Rituximab, infliximab
  • -zu-mab: humanised. Trastuzumab, bevacizumab
  • -u-mab: fully human. Adalimumab, denosumab

Target, the syllable before that

  • -tu-: tumour. Trastuzumab, rituximab
  • -ci-: circulatory system. Bevacizumab
  • -li-: immune system. Adalimumab, natalizumab
  • -ne-: nervous system

“Rituximab: mab, chimeric, tumour.” Reading backwards decodes the name.

Other biologic suffixes: -cept for receptor fusion proteins (etanercept, abatacept), -nib for small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib, erlotinib), and -tinib specifically for kinase inhibitors.

Clinical relevance of the source: murine and chimeric antibodies more often provoke anti-drug antibodies, causing infusion reactions and loss of response over time, which is why concomitant immunosuppression is sometimes used with infliximab.

Class effects to know: anti-TNF agents reactivate tuberculosis and hepatitis B, so both are screened for before starting.