Mnemonic

Phrenic in Front

A mnemonic for the relationship of the phrenic and vagus nerves to the lung root.

Expansion

Phrenic nerve passes in Front of the lung root; the vagus passes behind

Expansion

  • Phrenic nerve - in front of the lung root, on the pericardium
  • Vagus nerve - behind the lung root, heading for the oesophagus

The alliteration of phrenic and front is the whole trick. The phrenic nerve continues on the fibrous pericardium with the pericardiacophrenic vessels to reach the diaphragm, while the vagus breaks up into the pulmonary and oesophageal plexuses behind the hilum.

This relationship also explains the clinical picture of a hilar tumour: an anterior mass paralyses the hemidiaphragm through the phrenic nerve, while a mass on the left below the arch catches the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus and causes hoarseness.