Analgesia and Anaesthesia

Propofol for induction, volatile agents for maintenance

A memory aid for the intravenous and inhalational anaesthetic agents.

Block voltage-gated sodium channels from the inside of the axon

A memory aid for how local anaesthetics work and why they fail in infection.

Perioral tingling and tinnitus first, then seizures and cardiac arrest

A memory aid for recognising and treating local anaesthetic systemic toxicity.

Uncontrolled calcium release causes sustained contraction and hypermetabolism

A memory aid for the mechanism and treatment of malignant hyperthermia.

Acetylcholine acts on nicotinic receptors and is broken down by acetylcholinesterase

A memory aid for transmission at the neuromuscular junction.

Cyclo-oxygenase inhibition giving analgesia at the cost of gastric, renal and cardiovascular risk

A memory aid for the actions and risks of NSAIDs.

Divide by two from oral to subcutaneous morphine, and remember the breakthrough dose

A memory aid for converting between opioids and routes.

Mu receptors give analgesia along with the main side effects

A memory aid for the actions mediated by opioid receptors.

Transduction, transmission, modulation and perception

A memory aid for the transmission of pain from periphery to cortex.

The seven Ps, from preparation to post-intubation management

A mnemonic for the preparation and steps of rapid sequence induction.

Non-opioid, then weak opioid, then strong opioid, with adjuvants at every step

A memory aid for the stepwise approach to analgesia.